Mar 11, 20 04 carbon and the molecular diversity of life 1. When biology pupils complete this activity, they will explore a variety of organic compounds that are necessary for life. Carbon has 6 electrons, 2 in 1st electron shell and 4 in 2nd electron shell. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life application questions organic molecules 1. Chapter 3 carbon and the molecular diversity of life printable. Carbon the backbone of biological molecules although cells are 7095% water, the rest consists mostly of carbonbased compounds. The buckyballs are fairly large molecules formed completely of carbon. Explain the role of carbon in the molecular diversity of life. The backbone of life although cells are 7095% water, the rest consists mostly of carbonbased compounds carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules proteins, dna, carbohydrates, and other.
Chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life organic. Plants use solar energy to transform atmospheric co 2 into the mol. The backbone of life although cells are 7095% water, the rest consists mostly of carbonbased compounds carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules proteins, dna, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living. The backbone of life living organisms consist mostly of carbonbased compounds.
The backbone of life although cells are 70 95% water, the rest consists mostly of carbonbased compounds carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules proteins, dna, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living matter are all composed of carbon compounds. Carbon c hydrogen h oxygen o nitrogen n phosphorus p sulfur s the central element of. Due to carbon only having 4 electrons in its outer energy shell, it wants to form 4 bonds with other elements. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Three syntonesmethylene, nitrene and carbon monoxid carried by molecular nitrogen at law. Explain the elements of stanley millers experiment, using arrows to indicate what occurs in various parts of the apparatus. The backbone of life although cells are 7095% water, the rest consists mostly of carbonbased compounds carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules proteins, dna, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living matter are all composed of carbon compounds 2. This chapter builds upon information and concepts introduced in chapters 2 and 3 and extends the descriptions and analysis to more detailed consideration of the carbon atom. Describe how carbon skeletons may vary, and explain how this variation contributes to the diversity and complexity of organic molecules. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life to learn more about the book this website supports, please visit its information center. Chapter 3 carbon and the molecular diversity of life. Chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life youtube. Carbon atoms are the most versatile building blocks of molecules 3. In cambrian, there was a real explosion of life on earth, the diversity of animals.
Molecular diversity arises from variations in the carbon skeleton. Isomers functional groups also contribute to the molecular diversity of life. This characteristic allows carbon chains, rings and many branches very diverse molecules. Chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life all organisms are composed mostly of chemical structures based on the element carbon. Jacksonchapter 4carbon and the moleculardiversity of life lectures by erin barley kathleen fitzpatrick 2011 pearson education, inc. This carbon and the molecular diversity of life worksheet is suitable for 11th higher ed. Do not confuse this functional group with the hydroxide ion, oh. Chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life free download as word doc. Concerning prebiotic stage in life evolution we present our theory based on syntone chemistry. View biology12campbellbiologycampbellreece91ch4carbonandthemoleculardiversityoflife3432. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds 2. Ap bio ch 04 carbon and the molecular diversity of life part 1 duration. Carbon atoms are the most versatile building blocks of molecules.
They contain carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen and phosphorus. These structures wouldnt be possible if carbon could only form 3, 2, or 1 bond. Lecture presentations for campbell biology, ninth edition jane b. The backbone of life key concepts organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms a small number of chemical groups are key to the functioning of biological molecules organic chemistry is the study of carbon. Carbon skeletons vary in length and may be straight, branched, or arranged in closed rings. Describe how carbon skeletons may vary, and explain how this variation contributes to the diversity and complexity of organic. Chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life section. Chapter 4 carbon in organic chemistry carbons form diverse molecules functional. Why is organic chemistry so important in the study of biology. The water mixture in the sea at the bottom of the flask was heated. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life worksheet for.
The backbone of life living organisms consist mostly of carbon. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life chapter exam instructions. The structure and function of large biological molecules. To put it simpler they all have the same molecular formula but their set up is different making them have different properties. Most organic compounds contain hydrogen atoms in addition to carbon atoms.
Carbon and the molecular diversity of life organic molecules and the origin of life on earth. Carbon12, 12c, accounts for about 99% of carbon in nature. This enables carbon to form chains, branched chains and rings. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life chapter 4 pgs. Variation in carbon skeletons contributes the diversity of organic molecules. The result is to allow for the possibility of another molecules that can be an enantiomer mirror image of the first molecule. All organisms are composed mostly of chemical structures based on the element carbon. Variation in carbon skeletons contributes to the diversity of organic molecules. Carbon enters the biosphere through the action of plants.
Chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life 20. Over 99% of the carbon found in nature exists as an isotope with six. The formation of bonds with carbon with four valence electrons, carbon can form four covalent bonds with a variety of atoms this ability makes large, complex molecules possible in molecules with multiple carbons, each carbon bonded to four other atoms has a tetrahedral shape however, when two carbon atoms are joined by. Carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules. Each carbon atoms forms 4 covalent bonds allows for a great variety of molecular shapes. The backbone of life w ater is the universal medium for life on earth, but living organisms, such as the plants and roosevelt elk in figure 4. Sep 09, 20 chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life 20 2014. High molecular diversity of extraterrestrial organic matter in. Then click on carbon and the molecular diversity of life and then 4. This ability makes large, complex molecules possible. Chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life carbon. Pdf the molecular diversity of adaptive convergence.
The overall percentages of the major elements of lifec, h. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life outline. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life obtain a cd interactive study partner from your teacher. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. What is special about carbon that makes it the central atom in the chemistry. Biologists are interested in preserving the diversity of living organisms on the planet. The backbone of life living organisms consist mostly of carbonbased compounds carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules proteins, dna, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living matter are all composed of carbon compounds. Chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life. Carbon atoms can form diverse molecules bybonding to four other atoms electron. Carbon compounds and life of all the elements, carbon c can form large and complex molecules when bonded to other atoms such as.
For example, carbon atomic number 6 has three isotopes. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life chapter 4 objectives explain how carbons electron configuration accounts for its ability to form large, complex, and diverse organic molecules. Atoms of other elements can be bonded to the atoms of the carbon skeleton. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Molecule a methane b ethane c ethene ethylene molecular formula structura formula ballandstick mode spacefilling mode ch. Carbon has 4 valence electrons, can bond to 4 items, and typically forms covalent bonds with other elements. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life learning objectives the importance of carbon 1. Chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life lecture outline overview. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life flashcards. Determine characteristics of molecules molecular diversity arising from carbon. Carbon basics carbon is the 6th element on the periodic table. Ap chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life. How carbon dioxide affeccts organisms and ecosystems. List here the types of skeletons that can be formed.
Carbons abundance, its unique diversity of organic compounds, and its. Pdf the prebiotic stage and the evolution of life on earth. What type of bonds does it form with other elements. Choose your answers to the questions and click next to see the next set of questions. The materials included in these files are intended for use by ap teachers for course and. Carbon usually forms single or double bonds but also can form triple bonds. Isomers structural isomers differ in covalent partners. Stereo 3d image of a group i intron ribozyme pdb file 1y0q. The backbone of life w ater is the universal medium for life on earth, but living or. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms a few chemical groups are key to the functioning of biological molecules carbon. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life atp how its made atp is a complex.
Thursday, august 28 the function of water is important to all living organisms. The backbone of life although cells are 7095% water, the rest consists mostly of carbonbased compounds carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules. This chapter builds upon information and concepts introduced in chapters 2 and 3 and extends the descriptions and. Evolutionary repair experiments as a window to the molecular diversity of life. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life chapter 4 key concepts. Carbon chains form the skeletons of most organic molecules. Chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life prezi. Explain how carbons electron configuration explains its ability to form large, complex and diverse organic molecules. He used ch 4, nh 3, co 2, h 2s, and h 2 as gases simulating the atmosphere on the early earth water vapor cooled rain containing organic molecules.
Carbon and the molecular diversity of life lecture outline overview. Molecular diversity arising from carbon skeleton variation carbon chains form the skeletons of most organic molecules skeletons can vary in length and shape shapes can include 1 straight, 2 branched, and 3 arranged in closed rings some skeletons can also include double bonds, which vary in location and number. With four valence electrons, carbon can form four covalent bonds with a variety of atoms. Pdf to estimate the number and diversity of beneficial mutations, we. Open the program and click on unit 1 the chemical context of life in the activities table of contents. Start studying carbon and the molecular diversity of life. Glucose and hexanoic acid each contain six carbon atoms, but they have completely different properties. The methyl group may be attached to a carbon or to a different atom in a phosphate group, a phosphorus atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms. Carbon and the molecular diversity of life learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. The backbone of life living organisms consist mostly of carbonbased compounds carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules proteins, dna, carbohydrates, and other. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds. View notes chapter 4 carbon and the molecular diversity of life. Carbon atoms can form single, double and triple bonds.
The backbone of life although cells are 7095% water, the rest consists mostly of carbonbased compounds carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules proteins, dna, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living matter are all composed of carbon compounds. Hccswstafford campus 1 chapter 3 carbon and the molecular diversity of life lecture notes are to be used as a study guide only and do not represent the comprehensive information you will need to know for the exams. Most of the remaining 1% of carbon consists of atoms of the isotope c with 7 neutrons. A biomolecule or biological molecule is a loosely used term for molecules and ions present in.