The human female reproductive system includes the external genitals, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries 1. Thepurposeofthisarticle istoestablish thestateofthescience linking edc exposures to female reproductive health outcomes. The observed correlation between edc exposure, obesity, and female reproductive failure should be examined and clarified. These diseases may adversely affect fertility, diminish quality of life or cause potentially lifethreatening illness. Female reproductive organs begin to develop between the fourth and fifth week of pregnancy, and continue until the 20 th week of pregnancy. Finally, this analysis does not represent the cost to female reproductive health of exposure to all edcs. Mar 16, 2012 diseases of the female reproductive system 1. Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with reproductive disorders polycystic ovary syndrome. Due to the complexity of the development of the reproductive system, many factors may alter. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Pcos, one of the most common disorders in women of reproductive age affecting 47% of women, is characterized by hyperandrogenism and ovarian dysfunction rotterdam eshreasrmsponsored pcos consensus workshop group, 2004. In sexual reproduction, two individuals produce offspring that have some of the genetic characteristics of both parents. The combination of reduced conception rates and common occurrences of female reproductive organ diseases raises concern that environmental factors may. Each part has its own important role in the functioning of reproductive system. Reproductive and gynecologic disorders, womens health usa. Depending on their cause, female genital problems may cause a wide variety of symptoms, ranging from itching to swelling to unusual discharge. Genital disorders is the part of reproductive science which covers the various disorders of reproductive system of male and female. Female reproductive system pathology neoplasia of the uterus leiomyoma fibroid benign neoplasm derived from smooth muscle in wall of uterus most common uterine neoplasm responsive to estrogen, arise during reproductive age usually asymptomatic may produce symptoms due to mass effects, bleeding leiomyosarcoma. Current research journal deals with the male and female reproductive system and diseases associated with it. Disorders of the reproductive system 1 n5315 advanced. Pathologic menopause premature menopause, the gradual or abrupt cessation of menstruation before age 40, cause unknown, however certain disorders, especially severe infections and reproductive tract tumors, may cause pathologic menopause by seriously impairing ovarian function.
If you have problems viewing pdf files, download the latest version of adobe reader. Infertility, female see female infertility iud see birth control ivf see assisted reproductive technology. Some female reproductive disorders linked to fertility and fecundity may occur. Special contribution female reproductive disorders. Disorders of the female reproductive tract pathophysiology of. They include abnormal hormone production by the ovaries or the testes or by other endocrine glands, such as the pituitary, thyroid, or adrenals. Oct 01, 2018 each part has its own important role in the functioning of reproductive system. Diseases of the female reproductive system affect millions of american women of all ages each year 1. During the reproductive years, these disorders often present. In patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, at least 3540% of patients have mutations in 20 genes and digenic disease may affect up to 310%. Checking to see how well you know the diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system is easy using this quizworksheet combo. For females, reproductive tract infections can affect the upper reproductive tract fallopian tubes, ovary and uterus and the lower reproductive tract vagina, cervix and vulva. Reproduction reproduction can be defined as the process by which an organism continues its species. Potentially lifethreatening disorder that usually develops after the 20th week of pregnancy and is.
Disorders of the male reproductive tract pathophysiology. Female reproductive system an overview sciencedirect. For language access assistance, contact the ncats public information officer. The growth and activity of these parts are regulated by hormones. Ovarian disorders also include pathologies that relate to the natural cyclicity of the female reproductive cycle.
Diseases and disorders of the male reproductive system. After introducing several topics crucial to understanding the etiology of female reproductive disorders, we present an overview of ovarian, uterine, and breast develop. Stansburys brain is like an encyclopedia, yet she has the ability to make her knowledge readily accessible to her students. Female reproductive diseases genetic and rare diseases. It is important to take steps to protect it from infections and injury, and prevent problemsincluding some longterm health problems. The primary function of the human reproductive system is to produce sex cells.
Start studying female reproductive system disorders. Diseases of the human female reproductive system healthfully. Pain around the vulva may occur due to infection, irritation. This section discusses common female and male reproductive disorders, including stds. Pdf irrespective of ages a total of 50 female genital systems were randomly collected during july 2006 to march 2007 from the. Pelvic inflammatory disease pid the abdominal cavity in women, unlike in men, is susceptible to infections and inflammation because it is. Unit 8 reproductive system pathological conditions. The control of these functions involves the pituitary gland, central and peripheral nervous systems, and genitalia. Disorders of the female reproductive system contemporary.
Most ovarian tumors are derived from surface epithelium. Medical term female reproductive system pearson answers. The effects of some environmental exposures on reproductive health problems are well studied. Just as the onset of menarche is earlier in obese women, so data also. Dyspareunia occurrence of pain during intercourse c. The papanicolaou test also called pap smear, pap test, cervical smear, or smear test is a screening test used to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous processes in the endocervical canal transformation zone of the female reproductive system. Medical surgical nursing female reproductive procedures and disorders cathy parkes rn, covers medical surgical nursing female reproductive procedures and disorders. Genital herpes is an std caused by the herpes simplex virus.
Disorders of the male reproductive system this chapter provides information necessary to recognize, diagnose, and manage common physical conditions that adversely affect the male reproductive system and to effectively interpret clients signs and symptoms and physical examination findings. Genetic and rare diseases information center gard po box 8126, gaithersburg, md 208988126 tollfree. Uterus womb a muscular organ, shaped like an upside down pear. Other accompanying symptoms may include reduced sexual desire, difficulties in arousal, anorgasmia and pain during intercourse. Lower genital tract vagina and vulva neoplastic disease hpv related.
File type pdf medical term female reproductive system pearson answers focuses on the perineum perineum. Microsoft powerpoint chapter 17 reproductive system compatibility mode author. During sexual activity, sperm move from the vas deferens into a short ejaculation ih ja kyuh lay shun duct that connects to a tube called the urethra yoo ree. For this reason, it is crucial to visit your doctor annually and take good care of your reproductive health. Congenital abnormalities of the reproductive tract occur in a few percent of the female population, and may affect. During the reproductive years, these disorders often present as altered menstruation, pelvic pain, or infertility. Although problems that arise in the system are often treatable, several disorders can have. Female reproductive system disorders, covers herbal therapies for the most common female reproductive disorders. Disorders of the female reproductive system biology. Congenital abnormalities of reproductive tract pediatric. Diseases and disorders of the reproductive system boundless. The female reproductive system can be complicated, and as you can imagine, many things can go wrong.
Thus, even this attempt to restrict the analysis of cost burden to 2 specific reproductive tract disorders must be considered an underestimate of the exposureassociated cost burden from an overall health perspective. Reproductive tract infection rti are infections that affect the reproductive tract, which is part of the reproductive system. Nov, 2019 the reproductive system is usually comprised of either male or female reproductive organs and structures. Female reproductive system female fertility the ability to conceive peaks when women are in their twenties, and is slowly reduced until a women reaches 35 years of age. Disorders of the mature female reproductive system are common in domestic poultry in which they can be of considerable economic importance by causing mortality and loss of egg production. Menopause the normal cessation of menses that typically occurs between ages 5055.
Problems with the regulation of reproductive hormones by the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland, or problems in the ovary, can cause ovulation disorders. It is a rapidly growing field with main emphasis on finding cure and treatment for such disorders. The genetic basis of female reproductive disorders. Abnormalities of the female reproductive tract mullerian defects. Nov 06, 2018 disorders of the female reproductive system can occur as a result of disease in one of the many varied reproductive organs. Disorders of the female reproductive tract pathophysiology. Objectives introduction of fgt clinical manifestations of fgt pathology pathology of valva pathology of vagina pathology of cervix pathology of myometrium pathology of endometrium pathology of fallopian tube pathology of ovary pathology gestational and placental. Female reproductive disorders, diseases, and costs of. In our study of the pathology of the female reproductive system we have been able to cover the disorders and how to diagnose them. Of the three, only cervical cancer can be prevented with a vaccine.
Some disorders like dysmenorrhea menstrual pain and vulvodynia vulvar pain cause discomfort that may interfere with normal activity, while others may also affect reproductive functioning and fertility, such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and ovarian. These sex organs work together to generate semen that further travels to the female reproductive system at the time of sexual intercourse. Reproductive science and disorders high impact factor journal. Various aspects of male and female reproductive health, encompassing the basic physiology of reproductive function with a focus on wide range of disorders, diagnosis and treatment. Female sexual dysfunction, while not one of those typical female reproductive system diseases, occurs when a person fails to be stimulated during sexual intercourse.
Chapter 17 reproductive system diseases and disorders anatomy and physiology female external structures vulva labia majora and labia minora. Due to the complexity of the development of the reproductive system, many. This term refers to a variety of structural disorders of the reproductive tract vagina, cervix, uterus and fallopian tubes that occur while the child is growing in the womb. Female reproductive system research over many years has confirmed that cervical cancer is most often caused by a sexually transmitted infection with human papillomavirus hpv. A mans reproductive system has many functions, including ensuring his fertility and providing sex hormones that support his sexual wellbeing. Instead of obesity being a causative factor in reproductive disorders, it may be the result of early developmental channeling, just as is the reproductive disorder. Although it has several essential functions to perform, the male reproductive system also suffers potential disorders and diseases. These disorders also occur in domesticated cage birds such as budgerigars melopsit. Female reproductive system disorders flashcards quizlet.
Some female reproductive disorders linked to fertility and fecundity may occur during fetal development. Health topics gynecology womens health female reproductive system disorders. According to the centers for disease control and prevention, the female reproductive system is highly fragile and vulnerable to a number of infections, injuries, and diseases. In the human reproductive process, two kinds of sex cells gametes, are involved. Gonorrhea festered urine is an std caused by the neisseria gonorrhoeae bacterium. These problems can occur at any stage in life and include birth defects of the reproductive system, pregnancy complications, early puberty, developmental disorders, low birth weight, preterm birth, reduced fertility, impotence, and menstrual disorders. Learn about some of the more common disorders of the female reproductive system in this lesson.
When a male and female sex cell unite, an offspring grows and develops. Disorders of fusion, which occur when the mullerian ducts fail to come together correctly. Under the control of endocrine system, these organs are engaged in the reproductive cycle of ovulation, fertilization, implantation, fetal growth, and parturition. Some people have some or none of the following symptoms. Learn disorders reproductive system with free interactive flashcards. There are over 100 related viruses in the hpv family, and the characteristics of each strain determine the outcome of the. A womans reproductive system is a delicate and complex system in the body. Cervical cancer is one of three disorders of the female reproductive system described in detail in this concept. The human reproductive system and the ability to reproduce make life possible. Ovarian disorders relate to the ovary, which is responsible for the production, storage, and release of the female reproductive cell, the egg, or the oocyte.
Reproductive and gynecologic disorders include conditions that affect female external and internal organs along the reproductive tract. Ovulation disorders, meaning you ovulate infrequently or not at all, account for infertility in about 1 in 4 infertile couples. Untreated, gonorrhea and chlamydia can cause pelvic inflammatory disease pid, an infection in your reproductive organs. Differentiate among the major congenital anomalies of the female reproductive system. The reproductive system is closely associated with other organ systems, particularly the endocrine system and urinary system. Female infertility symptoms and causes mayo clinic. Pathology of female reproductive system proprofs quiz. Diseases of the female reproductive system slideshare.
The genetic basis of hypogonadism is much better understood than for eugonadal disorders. Like other organs in the body, a womans reproductive organs take shape when she is still a fetus inside her. Disorders of the male reproductive tract pathophysiology of. Reproductive science and disorders high impact factor. Pdf investigation onto the disorders of female reproductive system. For each disorder, youll find information on causes. Objectives introduction of fgt clinical manifestations of fgt pathology pathology of valva pathology of vagina pathology of cervix pathology of myometrium pathology of endometrium pathology of fallopian tube pathology of ovary pathology gestational and placental disorders. Describe the various neoplastic diseases of both the female and male. Choose from 500 different sets of disorders reproductive system flashcards on quizlet. Several studies have repeatedly reported that the age of menarche generally occurs at a younger age in obese girls than in normalweight girls montemagno et al. The female reproductive system the female reproductive organs are the vagina, womb uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries.
The combination of reduced conception rates and common occurrences of female reproductive organ diseases raises concern that environmen tal factors may be. This chapter describes the different parts of the female reproductive system. After that time, fertility declines more rapidly, until it ends completely at the end of menopause. The female reproductive system in marine mammals is composed of the basic mammalian reproductive organs. Reproductive system disease, any of the diseases and disorders that affect the human reproductive system. Common reproductive health concerns for women reproductive. Ovarian cancer is second mc malignancy of the female genital tract after endometrial cancer. Disorders of the female reproductive system can occur as a result of disease in one of the many varied reproductive organs. Genital warts is caused by human papillomavirus hpv. Other factors that may incur pathologic menopause include.